Telecheck Why wait 2 weeks? Internet, Internet

On Feb. 1 I went into my local RiteAid drug store when I got to the counter to pay for my things I realized I didn't have my debit card ( wish I had ) so instead I wrote a check.
The next day that check was returned unpaid by my bank...found out later that my Husband had used the debit card and not subtracted it from the account.
All well and good, it's my fault the check bounced I know that, BUT on the 10th of Feb. the check was again presented to my bank and was paid.

Today I checked my bank account on line ( which I do every day, since having a family member who was a victum of identity theft ) and there's an ACH debit from RiteAid for $30....two weeks after the check was paid.
I'm not sure but I'm thinking this maybe telecheck taking a fee for the check that was returned.
Okay, so they charge a fee but they if they were going to charge a fee for the returned check why didn't they do it on the 2nd when the check was returned or on the 10th when the check was paid, why wait 2 weeks and out of the blue charge me $30?

Can they do that without at least letting you know they're going to do this?
My bank says I may be able to dispute the charge, but something tells me Telecheck will fight me all the way.
I guess I'm just asking what my options are here.

Thanks.